Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own genomes, but most of their proteins are encoded in the nucleus. The coordination of separate genomes is achieved by both anterograde mechanisms (nucleus ...

Gene expression profiling is the determination of the pattern of genes expressed, at the level of transcription, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell to give a global picture of cellular ...

Freedom of speech is a bellwether: how any society tolerates those with minority, disfavored, or even obnoxious views will often speak to its performance on human rights more generally. In ...